Ver 1.0
写字楼里写字间，
哈腰弓背程序员。
五一长假伸个腰，
青山绿水陌上眠。
Ver 2.0
江山虽好不关身，
且向故里寻暮春。
软雨细泥两赤脚，
青山绿水一田翁。
想念那赤脚行走在田埂上的感觉，
想念那躺在草垛上看蓝天白云的感觉，
想念那扑鼻而来的油菜花香......
Friday, April 25, 2008
Wednesday, April 23, 2008
Science's 10 Most Beautiful Physics Experiments
Science's 10 Most Beautiful Physics Experiments
Robert P. Crease, a member of the philosophy department at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and the historian at Brookhaven National Laboratory, recently asked physicists to nominate the most beautiful experiment of all time. Based on the paper of George Johnson in The New York Times we list below 10 winners of this polling and accompany the short explanations of the physical experiments with computer animations.
1. Double-slit electron diffraction
The French physicist Louis de Broglie proposed in 1924 that electrons and other discrete bits of matter, which until then had been conceived only as material particles, also have wave properties such as wavelength and frequency. Later (1927) the wave nature of electrons was experimentally established by C.J. Davisson and L.H. Germer in New York and by G.P. Thomson in Aberdeen, Scot.
To explain the idea, to others and themselves, physicists often used a thought experiment, in which Young's double-slit demonstration is repeated with a beam of electrons instead of light. Obeying the laws of quantum mechanics, the stream of particles would split in two, and the smaller streams would interfere with each other, leaving the same kind of light- and dark-striped pattern as was cast by light. Particles would act like waves. According to an accompanying article in Physics World, by the magazine's editor, Peter Rodgers, it wasn't until 1961 that someone (Claus Jönsson of Tübingen) carried out the experiment in the real world.
2. Galileo's experiment on falling objects
In the late 1500's, everyone knew that heavy objects fall faster than lighter ones. After all, Aristotle had said so. That an ancient Greek scholar still held such sway was a sign of how far science had declined during the dark ages.
Galileo Galilei, who held a chair in mathematics at the University of Pisa, was impudent enough to question the common knowledge. The story has become part of the folklore of science: he is reputed to have dropped two different weights from the town's Leaning Tower showing that they landed at the same time. His challenges to Aristotle may have cost Galileo his job, but he had demonstrated the importance of taking nature, not human authority, as the final arbiter in matters of science.
3. Millikan's oil-drop experiment
Oil-drop experiment was the first direct and compelling measurement of the electric charge of a single electron. It was performed originally in 1909 by the American physicist Robert A. Millikan. Using a perfume atomizer, he sprayed tiny drops of oil into a transparent chamber. At the top and bottom were metal plates hooked to a battery, making one positive (red in animation) and the other negative (blue in animation). Since each droplet picked up a slight charge of static electricity as it traveled through the air, the speed of its motion could be controlled by altering the voltage on the plates. When the space between the metal plates is ionized by radiation (e.g., X rays), electrons from the air attach themselves to oil droplets, causing them to acquire a negative charge. Millikan observed one drop after another, varying the voltage and noting the effect. After many repetitions he concluded that charge could only assume certain fixed values. The smallest of these portions was none other than the charge of a single electron.
4. Newton's decomposition of sunlight with a prism
Isaac Newton was born the year Galileo died. He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1665, then holed up at home for a couple of years waiting out the plague. He had no trouble keeping himself occupied.
The common wisdom held that white light is the purest form (Aristotle again) and that colored light must therefore have been altered somehow. To test this hypothesis, Newton shined a beam of sunlight through a glass prism and showed that it decomposed into a spectrum cast on the wall. People already knew about rainbows, of course, but they were considered to be little more than pretty aberrations. Actually, Newton concluded, it was these colors ?red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet and the gradations in between ?that were fundamental. What seemed simple on the surface, a beam of white light, was, if one looked deeper, beautifully complex.
5. Young's light-interference experiment
Newton wasn't always right. Through various arguments, he had moved the scientific mainstream toward the conviction that light consists exclusively of particles rather than waves. In 1803, Thomas Young, an English physician and physicist, put the idea to a test. He cut a hole in a window shutter, covered it with a thick piece of paper punctured with a tiny pinhole and used a mirror to divert the thin beam that came shining through. Then he took "a slip of a card, about one-thirtieth of an inch in breadth" and held it edgewise in the path of the beam, dividing it in two. The result was a shadow of alternating light and dark bands ?a phenomenon that could be explained if the two beams were interacting like waves. Bright bands appeared where two crests overlapped, reinforcing each other; dark bands marked where a crest lined up with a trough, neutralizing each other.
The demonstration was often repeated over the years using a card with two holes to divide the beam. These so-called double-slit experiments became the standard for determining wavelike motion ?a fact that was to become especially important a century later when quantum theory began.
6. Cavendish's torsion-bar experiment
The experiment was performed in 1797?8 by the English scientist Henry Cavendish. He followed a method prescribed and used apparatus built by his countryman, the geologist John Michell, who had died in 1793. The apparatus employed was a torsion balance, essentially a stretched wire supporting spherical weights. Attraction between pairs of weights caused the wire to twist slightly, which thus allowed the first calculation of the value of the gravitational constant G. The experiment was popularly known as weighing the Earth because determination of G permitted calculation of the Earth's mass.
7. Eratosthenes' measurement of the Earth's circumference
At Syene (now Aswan), some 800 km (500 miles) southeast of Alexandria in Egypt, the Sun's rays fall vertically at noon at the summer solstice. Eratosthenes, who was born in c. 276 BC, noted that at Alexandria, at the same date and time, sunlight fell at an angle of about 7?from the vertical. He correctly assumed the Sun's distance to be very great; its rays therefore are practically parallel when they reach the Earth. Given estimates of the distance between the two cities, he was able to calculate the circumference of the Earth. The exact length of the units (stadia) he used is doubtful, and the accuracy of his result is therefore uncertain; it may have varied by 0.5 to 17 percent from the value accepted by modern astronomers.
8. Galileo's experiments with rolling balls down inclined planes
Galileo continued to refine his ideas about objects in motion. He took a board 12 cubits long and half a cubit wide (about 20 feet by 10 inches) and cut a groove, as straight and smooth as possible, down the center. He inclined the plane and rolled brass balls down it, timing their descent with a water clock ?a large vessel that emptied through a thin tube into a glass. After each run he would weigh the water that had flowed out ?his measurement of elapsed time ?and compare it with the distance the ball had traveled.
Aristotle would have predicted that the velocity of a rolling ball was constant: double its time in transit and you would double the distance it traversed. Galileo was able to show that the distance is actually proportional to the square of the time: Double it and the ball would go four times as far. The reason is that it is being constantly accelerated by gravity.
9. Rutherford's discovery of the nucleus
When Ernest Rutherford was experimenting with radioactivity at the University of Manchester in 1911, atoms were generally believed to consist of large mushy blobs of positive electrical charge with electrons embedded inside ?the "plum pudding" model. But when he and his assistants fired tiny positively charged projectiles, called alpha particles, at a thin foil of gold, they were surprised that a tiny percentage of them came bouncing back. It was as though bullets had ricocheted off Jell-O. Rutherford calculated that actually atoms were not so mushy after all. Most of the mass must be concentrated in a tiny core, now called the nucleus, with the electrons hovering around it. With amendments from quantum theory, this image of the atom persists today.
10. Foucault's pendulum
Last year when scientists mounted a pendulum above the South Pole and watched it swing, they were replicating a celebrated demonstration performed in Paris in 1851. Using a steel wire 220 feet long, the French scientist Jean-Bernard-Léon Foucault suspended a 62-pound iron ball from the dome of the Panthéon and set it in motion, rocking back and forth. To mark its progress he attached a stylus to the ball and placed a ring of damp sand on the floor below.
The audience watched in awe as the pendulum inexplicably appeared to rotate, leaving a slightly different trace with each swing. Actually it was the floor of the Panthéon that was slowly moving, and Foucault had shown, more convincingly than ever, that the earth revolves on its axis. At the latitude of Paris, the pendulum's path would complete a full clockwise rotation every 30 hours; on the Southern Hemisphere it would rotate counterclockwise, and on the Equator it wouldn't revolve at all. At the South Pole, as the modern-day scientists confirmed, the period of rotation is 24 hours.
Robert P. Crease, a member of the philosophy department at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and the historian at Brookhaven National Laboratory, recently asked physicists to nominate the most beautiful experiment of all time. Based on the paper of George Johnson in The New York Times we list below 10 winners of this polling and accompany the short explanations of the physical experiments with computer animations.
1. Double-slit electron diffraction
The French physicist Louis de Broglie proposed in 1924 that electrons and other discrete bits of matter, which until then had been conceived only as material particles, also have wave properties such as wavelength and frequency. Later (1927) the wave nature of electrons was experimentally established by C.J. Davisson and L.H. Germer in New York and by G.P. Thomson in Aberdeen, Scot.
To explain the idea, to others and themselves, physicists often used a thought experiment, in which Young's double-slit demonstration is repeated with a beam of electrons instead of light. Obeying the laws of quantum mechanics, the stream of particles would split in two, and the smaller streams would interfere with each other, leaving the same kind of light- and dark-striped pattern as was cast by light. Particles would act like waves. According to an accompanying article in Physics World, by the magazine's editor, Peter Rodgers, it wasn't until 1961 that someone (Claus Jönsson of Tübingen) carried out the experiment in the real world.
2. Galileo's experiment on falling objects
In the late 1500's, everyone knew that heavy objects fall faster than lighter ones. After all, Aristotle had said so. That an ancient Greek scholar still held such sway was a sign of how far science had declined during the dark ages.
Galileo Galilei, who held a chair in mathematics at the University of Pisa, was impudent enough to question the common knowledge. The story has become part of the folklore of science: he is reputed to have dropped two different weights from the town's Leaning Tower showing that they landed at the same time. His challenges to Aristotle may have cost Galileo his job, but he had demonstrated the importance of taking nature, not human authority, as the final arbiter in matters of science.
3. Millikan's oil-drop experiment
Oil-drop experiment was the first direct and compelling measurement of the electric charge of a single electron. It was performed originally in 1909 by the American physicist Robert A. Millikan. Using a perfume atomizer, he sprayed tiny drops of oil into a transparent chamber. At the top and bottom were metal plates hooked to a battery, making one positive (red in animation) and the other negative (blue in animation). Since each droplet picked up a slight charge of static electricity as it traveled through the air, the speed of its motion could be controlled by altering the voltage on the plates. When the space between the metal plates is ionized by radiation (e.g., X rays), electrons from the air attach themselves to oil droplets, causing them to acquire a negative charge. Millikan observed one drop after another, varying the voltage and noting the effect. After many repetitions he concluded that charge could only assume certain fixed values. The smallest of these portions was none other than the charge of a single electron.
4. Newton's decomposition of sunlight with a prism
Isaac Newton was born the year Galileo died. He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1665, then holed up at home for a couple of years waiting out the plague. He had no trouble keeping himself occupied.
The common wisdom held that white light is the purest form (Aristotle again) and that colored light must therefore have been altered somehow. To test this hypothesis, Newton shined a beam of sunlight through a glass prism and showed that it decomposed into a spectrum cast on the wall. People already knew about rainbows, of course, but they were considered to be little more than pretty aberrations. Actually, Newton concluded, it was these colors ?red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet and the gradations in between ?that were fundamental. What seemed simple on the surface, a beam of white light, was, if one looked deeper, beautifully complex.
5. Young's light-interference experiment
Newton wasn't always right. Through various arguments, he had moved the scientific mainstream toward the conviction that light consists exclusively of particles rather than waves. In 1803, Thomas Young, an English physician and physicist, put the idea to a test. He cut a hole in a window shutter, covered it with a thick piece of paper punctured with a tiny pinhole and used a mirror to divert the thin beam that came shining through. Then he took "a slip of a card, about one-thirtieth of an inch in breadth" and held it edgewise in the path of the beam, dividing it in two. The result was a shadow of alternating light and dark bands ?a phenomenon that could be explained if the two beams were interacting like waves. Bright bands appeared where two crests overlapped, reinforcing each other; dark bands marked where a crest lined up with a trough, neutralizing each other.
The demonstration was often repeated over the years using a card with two holes to divide the beam. These so-called double-slit experiments became the standard for determining wavelike motion ?a fact that was to become especially important a century later when quantum theory began.
6. Cavendish's torsion-bar experiment
The experiment was performed in 1797?8 by the English scientist Henry Cavendish. He followed a method prescribed and used apparatus built by his countryman, the geologist John Michell, who had died in 1793. The apparatus employed was a torsion balance, essentially a stretched wire supporting spherical weights. Attraction between pairs of weights caused the wire to twist slightly, which thus allowed the first calculation of the value of the gravitational constant G. The experiment was popularly known as weighing the Earth because determination of G permitted calculation of the Earth's mass.
7. Eratosthenes' measurement of the Earth's circumference
At Syene (now Aswan), some 800 km (500 miles) southeast of Alexandria in Egypt, the Sun's rays fall vertically at noon at the summer solstice. Eratosthenes, who was born in c. 276 BC, noted that at Alexandria, at the same date and time, sunlight fell at an angle of about 7?from the vertical. He correctly assumed the Sun's distance to be very great; its rays therefore are practically parallel when they reach the Earth. Given estimates of the distance between the two cities, he was able to calculate the circumference of the Earth. The exact length of the units (stadia) he used is doubtful, and the accuracy of his result is therefore uncertain; it may have varied by 0.5 to 17 percent from the value accepted by modern astronomers.
8. Galileo's experiments with rolling balls down inclined planes
Galileo continued to refine his ideas about objects in motion. He took a board 12 cubits long and half a cubit wide (about 20 feet by 10 inches) and cut a groove, as straight and smooth as possible, down the center. He inclined the plane and rolled brass balls down it, timing their descent with a water clock ?a large vessel that emptied through a thin tube into a glass. After each run he would weigh the water that had flowed out ?his measurement of elapsed time ?and compare it with the distance the ball had traveled.
Aristotle would have predicted that the velocity of a rolling ball was constant: double its time in transit and you would double the distance it traversed. Galileo was able to show that the distance is actually proportional to the square of the time: Double it and the ball would go four times as far. The reason is that it is being constantly accelerated by gravity.
9. Rutherford's discovery of the nucleus
When Ernest Rutherford was experimenting with radioactivity at the University of Manchester in 1911, atoms were generally believed to consist of large mushy blobs of positive electrical charge with electrons embedded inside ?the "plum pudding" model. But when he and his assistants fired tiny positively charged projectiles, called alpha particles, at a thin foil of gold, they were surprised that a tiny percentage of them came bouncing back. It was as though bullets had ricocheted off Jell-O. Rutherford calculated that actually atoms were not so mushy after all. Most of the mass must be concentrated in a tiny core, now called the nucleus, with the electrons hovering around it. With amendments from quantum theory, this image of the atom persists today.
10. Foucault's pendulum
Last year when scientists mounted a pendulum above the South Pole and watched it swing, they were replicating a celebrated demonstration performed in Paris in 1851. Using a steel wire 220 feet long, the French scientist Jean-Bernard-Léon Foucault suspended a 62-pound iron ball from the dome of the Panthéon and set it in motion, rocking back and forth. To mark its progress he attached a stylus to the ball and placed a ring of damp sand on the floor below.
The audience watched in awe as the pendulum inexplicably appeared to rotate, leaving a slightly different trace with each swing. Actually it was the floor of the Panthéon that was slowly moving, and Foucault had shown, more convincingly than ever, that the earth revolves on its axis. At the latitude of Paris, the pendulum's path would complete a full clockwise rotation every 30 hours; on the Southern Hemisphere it would rotate counterclockwise, and on the Equator it wouldn't revolve at all. At the South Pole, as the modern-day scientists confirmed, the period of rotation is 24 hours.
Jack Cafferty CNN insulted Chinese people by racism words.
大家现在都知道，CNN主播 Cafferty在一个名为“The Situation Room”节目里，骂了中国。当然了，像这种“人才”，他不会用什么“stupid“，”rubbish“ 这些粗浅的词，更加不会动用到国骂，但人家的词还真不少。那么，他是怎么说的，而引起了外交部的严重抗议呢？让我们先看看他的话，然后再做分析：
QUOTE:
I don't know if China is any different, but our relationship with China is certainly different, We're in hock to the Chinese up to our eyeballs because of the war in Iraq, for one thing. They're holding hundreds of billions of dollars worth of our paper. We are also running hundreds of billions of dollars' worth of trade deficits with them, as we continue to import their junk with the lead paint on them and the poisoned pet food and export, you know,jobs to places where you can pay workers a dollar a month to turn out the stuff that we're buying from Wal-Mart. So I think our relationship with China has certainly changed, I think they're basically the same bunch of goons and thugs they've been for the last 50 years.
话不多，不用一分钟就可以说完了。大部分单词也不难懂。难懂的也就是二、三个，比如：hock，junk，goons，thugs。但问题就出在这两三个词上，否则虽然不满意，但也找不到打击点。看来这家伙也感觉到这些话会引起中国人的不满，故意找些刁钻的词来为难一下，听不懂就混过去了。
其实 junk也不难懂，西方人也经常说麦当劳的东西是”junk food“ (垃圾食品)，可口可乐是”junk drink“ (垃圾饮料)。
”Hock“ - 典当。”hock to you up to my eyeballs“ (”我把眼珠子以下的东西全典当给你了“) -- 意思是底裤都当调了，呵呵。
”thug“ -- a cruel or vicious ruffian, robber, or murderer. (一个粗鲁或恶毒的流氓，抢劫犯，或杀人犯。)
"goon" -- 有两种意思：
一个意思是：A thug hired to intimidate or harm opponents. (一个受雇的thug，去威胁，伤害对手。)
另一个意思是：A stupid or oafish person. (一个愚蠢或痴呆的人。) oafish -- 痴呆的，崎形的意思。
”goons and thugs" --> 一群流氓，抢劫犯和一群又蠢又呆的人”。(反正没有一个好词。)
好，现在我们开始试着翻译一下：
I don't know if China is any different, but our relationship with China is certainly different,
我不知道中国有什么特殊的地方，但我们和中国的关系肯定特殊。
We're in hock to the Chinese up to our eyeballs because of the war in Iraq, for one thing.
有一件事可以肯定的，那就是因为伊拉克战争，我们已经把身上所有的东西都典当给中国了。
They're holding hundreds of billions of dollars worth of our paper.
他们已经握有我们数以千亿计美元的财富。
We are also running hundreds of billions of dollars' worth of trade deficits with them, as we continue to import their junk with the lead paint on them and the poisoned pet food and export,
我们则是因为进口了他们的那些含铅油漆的垃圾和有毒的宠物食品而造成贸易逆差，从而背负数以千亿计美元的债务，
you know,jobs to places where you can pay workers a dollar a month to turn out the stuff that we're buying from Wal-Mart.
本来你只有每月付出一块钱就可以保住的那些工人的工作，现在变成了我们付钱给沃尔马换回来的那些东西。
So I think our relationship with China has certainly changed,
所以我认为我们和中国的关系肯定要改变，
I thinkthey're basically the same bunch of goons and thugs they've been forthe last 50 years.
我看他们跟50年前一样，基本上还是一帮流氓，抢劫犯和一群又蠢又呆的人。
大家现在都知道，CNN主播 Cafferty在一个名为“The Situation Room”节目里，骂了中国。当然了，像这种“人才”，他不会用什么“stupid“，”rubbish“ 这些粗浅的词，更加不会动用到国骂，但人家的词还真不少。那么，他是怎么说的，而引起了外交部的严重抗议呢？让我们先看看他的话，然后再做分析：
QUOTE:
I don't know if China is any different, but our relationship with China is certainly different, We're in hock to the Chinese up to our eyeballs because of the war in Iraq, for one thing. They're holding hundreds of billions of dollars worth of our paper. We are also running hundreds of billions of dollars' worth of trade deficits with them, as we continue to import their junk with the lead paint on them and the poisoned pet food and export, you know,jobs to places where you can pay workers a dollar a month to turn out the stuff that we're buying from Wal-Mart. So I think our relationship with China has certainly changed, I think they're basically the same bunch of goons and thugs they've been for the last 50 years.
话不多，不用一分钟就可以说完了。大部分单词也不难懂。难懂的也就是二、三个，比如：hock，junk，goons，thugs。但问题就出在这两三个词上，否则虽然不满意，但也找不到打击点。看来这家伙也感觉到这些话会引起中国人的不满，故意找些刁钻的词来为难一下，听不懂就混过去了。
其实 junk也不难懂，西方人也经常说麦当劳的东西是”junk food“ (垃圾食品)，可口可乐是”junk drink“ (垃圾饮料)。
”Hock“ - 典当。”hock to you up to my eyeballs“ (”我把眼珠子以下的东西全典当给你了“) -- 意思是底裤都当调了，呵呵。
”thug“ -- a cruel or vicious ruffian, robber, or murderer. (一个粗鲁或恶毒的流氓，抢劫犯，或杀人犯。)
"goon" -- 有两种意思：
一个意思是：A thug hired to intimidate or harm opponents. (一个受雇的thug，去威胁，伤害对手。)
另一个意思是：A stupid or oafish person. (一个愚蠢或痴呆的人。) oafish -- 痴呆的，崎形的意思。
”goons and thugs" --> 一群流氓，抢劫犯和一群又蠢又呆的人”。(反正没有一个好词。)
好，现在我们开始试着翻译一下：
I don't know if China is any different, but our relationship with China is certainly different,
我不知道中国有什么特殊的地方，但我们和中国的关系肯定特殊。
We're in hock to the Chinese up to our eyeballs because of the war in Iraq, for one thing.
有一件事可以肯定的，那就是因为伊拉克战争，我们已经把身上所有的东西都典当给中国了。
They're holding hundreds of billions of dollars worth of our paper.
他们已经握有我们数以千亿计美元的财富。
We are also running hundreds of billions of dollars' worth of trade deficits with them, as we continue to import their junk with the lead paint on them and the poisoned pet food and export,
我们则是因为进口了他们的那些含铅油漆的垃圾和有毒的宠物食品而造成贸易逆差，从而背负数以千亿计美元的债务，
you know,jobs to places where you can pay workers a dollar a month to turn out the stuff that we're buying from Wal-Mart.
本来你只有每月付出一块钱就可以保住的那些工人的工作，现在变成了我们付钱给沃尔马换回来的那些东西。
So I think our relationship with China has certainly changed,
所以我认为我们和中国的关系肯定要改变，
I thinkthey're basically the same bunch of goons and thugs they've been forthe last 50 years.
我看他们跟50年前一样，基本上还是一帮流氓，抢劫犯和一群又蠢又呆的人。
Tuesday, April 22, 2008
深锐观察:NBA铁神历代记
"所谓打铁，盖指球员在比赛中怀安邦之志，携浩然之气，龙骧虎步，渊停岳峙，梯云纵，舒猿臂，篮球滑指而出，凌空飞转，少时，只闻“铛铛铛”之声大作，良久不绝于耳，观者不免疑心身处铁匠铺之中，故以名之。 "
中国的篮球迷是世界上最富有想象力和幽默感的篮球迷，这种特质体现在方方面面。从起外号的角度来说，詹姆斯的“老北京”，加索尔的“家嫂”，韦德的“典韦”，马里昂的“马良”， 都是思想性、娱乐性和艺术性兼备的佳作。从发明新词的角度来说，山猫的“盖章”，湖人的“三角裤”， 以及周最佳和月最佳的“怨念”，只要你稍微了解一点背后的渊源，一定会为人民群众的智慧感到由衷赞叹。
然而，在这些伟大的创作当中，没有一样，能在流传度和使用率上，跟“打铁”这个词的发明相媲美。所谓打铁，盖指球员在比赛中怀安邦之志，携浩然之气，龙骧虎步，渊停岳峙，梯云纵，舒猿臂，篮球滑指而出，凌空飞转，少时，只闻“铛铛铛”之声大作，良久不绝于耳，观者不免疑心身处铁匠铺之中，故以名之。
NBA的打铁历史源远流长。洪荒时期，职业球员们穿着可笑的文化衫，在暂停时饮用啤酒，在比赛时使用女里女气的双手定点投篮。特殊的历史背景和低下的技术水平，为铁匠们提供了茁壮成长的温床。当时的联盟，简直无刻不闻铁声，遍地皆“铁屑”，命中率不低到40%以下的根本不好意思称自己是铁匠。
当然，要想由“铁匠”升格为“铁神”，光有烂得超乎寻常的射术、厚得防弹防爆的脸皮还是不够的，这个世界是个讲究名气的世界，那些退役后三年便没人能叫得出名字的路人甲乙丙丁们，是没有资格进入“铁神”名人堂的。因此，人们有理由认为，真正为后来铁子铁孙们指明未来发展道路的“铁神”鼻祖，是伟大的鲍勃-库西。
库西名头极大，奈史密斯名人堂成员，50大巨星之一，手握6枚总冠军戒指，连续8年霸占NBA助攻王宝座，连续13年入选全明星阵容，人称“魔术师”鼻祖，“电影精华”鼻祖，“show time”鼻祖，对篮球稍有兴趣者均对其名如雷贯耳。然而，这般了不起的人物，却也是NBA的“铁神”鼻祖。库西职业生涯投篮命中率是惨不忍睹的37.5%，14年间竟然没有一个赛季的命中率能突破四成。刨去总共出场34分钟的1969-70赛季，库西命中率最低的一年只有35.2%。到了季后赛，库西的铁神本色更是展现得淋漓尽致，场均命中率低到34.2%，其中两个赛季甚至跌破30%。与之对应的是，库西的职业生涯场均得分是18.4分——放眼NBA60年，得分超过这个数的控球后卫非常稀有——则其在比赛中的得分效率之低，着实令人触目惊心。
有趣的是，以库西打铁功夫之深厚，竟然还有连他也忌惮的对手。1962年，当库西迈入自己在波士顿的最后一个赛季时，一个来自俄亥俄州大的瘦弱前锋，敲开了凯尔特人的训练营。约翰-哈弗利切克，有史以来最不知疲惫的体力男、最全能的前锋和最聪明的防守者之一，波士顿绿色王朝的功勋重臣，若干年后同样荣列名人堂和50大巨星，威望之隆，让后人望峰息心。但哈弗利切克早年射术之糟，一样超出了常人的想象范围。此人职业生涯生涯命中率43.9%，最低一年只有39.9%，对于一个以切入上篮为主、每场砍下20.8分的前锋来说，这样的数据比桑普拉斯发出时速100公里以下的球更加丢人。在目睹了哈弗利切克不可思议的投篮之后，铁神库西是这样说的：
“他实在是个太糟糕的射手了，总有一天会自己把自己累死。”
可惜的是，库西和哈弗利切克在打铁上的造诣，很快就被英勇的后辈们超过。其中最了不起的要数蒂姆-哈达威。当然，职业生涯场均命中率43.1%，季后赛场均命中率39.3%，这样的数字在强者如云的铁匠界里算不得什么，但可爱的蒂姆却做过一件让所有竞争者们面如土色的壮举。
1991年12月9日， 哈达威在对森林狼的比赛中大发神威，居然连续17次投篮全部打铁，这是联盟史上空前的纪录！那“铛铛”不绝的美妙声音，一举奠定了哈达威在铁神发展史上的一代宗师地位，至今让人心生崇敬，击节赞叹。和他相映成趣的，是当年达拉斯的乔治-麦克劳德，在1996年3月10日，这位无比坚毅的投手连续10次在三分线外朝猛龙队的篮筐硬度发起挑战，竟无一球“不慎”入网，精准度令地球上任何红外导弹无地自容。
这里也不能忘记沙奎尔-奥尼尔，大鲨鱼在投篮打铁上的成就远不能和前辈高人相比，但在罚球打铁上，实有旁人难以比拟的天赋。奥尼尔职业生涯罚球命中率52.4%，比投篮命中率低出近6个百分点，季后赛更是只有50.1%。迄今的17个赛季中，沙克有7个赛季罚球命中率不足五成，单场11罚0中的纪录更是让人目瞪口呆。
江山代有人才出，各领风骚几赛季。时代车轮行驶至今，铁神接班人更是全方位强爷胜祖，昂首挺胸地接过先烈的枪，为铁神事业坚定奋斗终身。且看现役十大铁神，任何一人拎出，都能羞煞库西，气坏蒂姆。
No.10 特雷西-麦克格雷迪
很有可能是史上最有天赋的摇摆人，同时也很有可能是史上最有天赋的铁匠。如此修长的身段，如此舒展的手臂，如此高的出手点，如此妙的抛物线，当这几样东西结合在一起时，打出的铁简直美不胜收。从2003年开始，麦迪的投篮命中率从来没有超出过43.1%，连罚球命中率也以惊人的速度滑落。更重要的是，麦迪拥有身为优秀铁匠最重要的特性：不抛弃，不放弃。他的座右铭是：永远不要为自己已经打了10块铁而沾沾自喜，因为第11块正在不远处等着你。
No.9 莱昂德罗-巴博萨
46.2%的投篮命中率，38.5%的三分球命中率，82.2%的罚球命中率，从数据上看，作为一个铁匠，他是不合格的。但我们看问题不能如此简单。巴西人对于打铁有着一种天生的嗅觉，就像他的同胞罗纳尔迪尼奥总能找到对方防线稍纵即逝的漏洞一样，巴博萨也总能发现打铁的最佳时机：当球队最害怕你打铁的时候。每当这种良机出现时，他总能神态潇洒地连续投丢三四个三分(甚至是在同一角度)，然后满不在乎地等待纳什的下一个传球。这让他的打出来的铁，总是比别人质地更纯，也更加致命。
No.8 查理-维兰纽瓦
易建联的师兄，也是易建联未来的打铁竞争中必须战胜的强力对手。此人菜鸟赛季曾一鸣惊人，入选最佳新秀阵容，谁知来到密尔沃基后每况愈下，出场时间节节走低。究其原因，还是因其过于痴迷打铁。6尺11寸的身高，连篮板、盖帽和防守怎么写都不知道，只要在距离篮筐一公里的范围内，必然出手，身为替补大前锋，每场三分球出手2次有余，命中率不足三成。视打铁声和嘘声如无物，定力之强，人所难及。
No.7 拉夫-阿尔斯通
铁神接班人中无人胆敢忽视的实力派悍将，职业生涯投篮命中率妙不可言，9个赛季中有7个赛季命中率不足40%，最低一年28.4%。本季命中率39.7%，居然排到生涯第三高，实在令人佩服得五体投地。休斯敦球迷又爱又恨的人物，由于疯狂打铁造成火箭坠地的案例无数，难以列举。凭心而论，让身为街球界皇帝级人物的Skip to my lou练这劳什子的投篮，似乎的确有点屈尊。
No.6 迈克尔-里德
现役铁神中射术最精的人之一，本不该在名单中占据一席之地。但当手感消失的时候，雄鹿老大就会撕下“我本是神射手，又不是打铁匠”的虚伪面具，摇身一变，成为对篮筐寿命最暴戾的验证者之一。由他和莫里斯-威廉姆斯、维兰纽瓦构成的三人组，或许是篮球诞生以来最可怕的打铁组合。他本赛季的投篮有40%是early offense，简直难以置信，但这就是事实。
No.5&No.4 科克-辛里奇&本-戈登
这两个人必须放在一起，不仅因为他们是公牛的队友，更重要的是，他们的打铁功力的确一时瑜亮，难分伯仲。作为出道时被认为是约翰-斯托克顿接班人的控卫，辛里奇如今却是联盟进步最慢球员的最有力争夺者之一。他组织进攻和调度节奏的能力像被万年玄冰封住了一样，永远没有变化。唯一显著增长的，是他对投篮的狂热和轻率。今年公牛队长的投篮命中率一度稳定在39%左右，当队友在场上无所适从的时候，他能做的，只是向篮筐举起愤怒的铁锤。
至于本-戈登，必须承认，他几乎从出道的第一天起，就被公认为极好的铁神苗子，而作重点培养。戈登对投篮的贪婪程度是年轻的科比-布莱恩特和阿伦-艾弗森级别的，当他投顺的时候，对于对手来说，他比本-拉登更加可怕。问题是，当他投不顺的时候，对于队友来说，他还是比本-拉登更加可怕。
No.3 夸梅-布朗
让一个本赛季场均投篮次数只有3.7次的二流苦力进入尊贵的铁神名单，似乎有点不合时宜。但是，只要你看过这位迈克尔-乔丹钦点的状元秀的比赛，你就会明白，里德、阿尔斯通和巴博萨之流，在布朗面前，就像黄晓明之于阿尔-帕西诺，连小学生的级别都算不上。投篮打铁，对布朗而言，是最等而下之的技巧，他最擅长的，是禁区内转身抹篮打铁、空位上篮打铁和扣篮打铁，普通人根本无法想象，像这种“连死人都投得进的球”，我们的夸梅是怎么把它变成一次高难度的打铁的呢？
No.2 拉里-休斯
真正的帝王级铁匠，注定要在历史上书写姓名的人物。其对空位投篮的打铁把握已然炉火纯青，突破上篮吃火锅的时机拿捏妙到颠毫。如果没有他，勒布朗-詹姆斯每场比赛至少要多赚5个助攻，打破奥斯卡-罗伯特森的三双纪录指日可待。年薪1200万美元，连续两个赛季的命中率低于40%，上演过6场比赛总共61投14中、命中率22.95%的不朽名篇，算上训练场篮筐的修补更换费用，拉里-休斯的性价比可谓震古烁今。
No.1 凯文-杜兰特
菜鸟赛季就稳坐NBA铁神第一把交椅，除去当年艾弗森外，杜兰特当仁不让。事实上，如今人们提到打铁，几乎便是在提杜兰特，提到杜兰特，又无人不会想到打铁。人铁合一，已然极矣。42.4%的命中率，28.7%的三分球命中率，却又偏偏稳获最佳新秀，天下虽大，舍杜兰特更有谁人？
中国的篮球迷是世界上最富有想象力和幽默感的篮球迷，这种特质体现在方方面面。从起外号的角度来说，詹姆斯的“老北京”，加索尔的“家嫂”，韦德的“典韦”，马里昂的“马良”， 都是思想性、娱乐性和艺术性兼备的佳作。从发明新词的角度来说，山猫的“盖章”，湖人的“三角裤”， 以及周最佳和月最佳的“怨念”，只要你稍微了解一点背后的渊源，一定会为人民群众的智慧感到由衷赞叹。
然而，在这些伟大的创作当中，没有一样，能在流传度和使用率上，跟“打铁”这个词的发明相媲美。所谓打铁，盖指球员在比赛中怀安邦之志，携浩然之气，龙骧虎步，渊停岳峙，梯云纵，舒猿臂，篮球滑指而出，凌空飞转，少时，只闻“铛铛铛”之声大作，良久不绝于耳，观者不免疑心身处铁匠铺之中，故以名之。
NBA的打铁历史源远流长。洪荒时期，职业球员们穿着可笑的文化衫，在暂停时饮用啤酒，在比赛时使用女里女气的双手定点投篮。特殊的历史背景和低下的技术水平，为铁匠们提供了茁壮成长的温床。当时的联盟，简直无刻不闻铁声，遍地皆“铁屑”，命中率不低到40%以下的根本不好意思称自己是铁匠。
当然，要想由“铁匠”升格为“铁神”，光有烂得超乎寻常的射术、厚得防弹防爆的脸皮还是不够的，这个世界是个讲究名气的世界，那些退役后三年便没人能叫得出名字的路人甲乙丙丁们，是没有资格进入“铁神”名人堂的。因此，人们有理由认为，真正为后来铁子铁孙们指明未来发展道路的“铁神”鼻祖，是伟大的鲍勃-库西。
库西名头极大，奈史密斯名人堂成员，50大巨星之一，手握6枚总冠军戒指，连续8年霸占NBA助攻王宝座，连续13年入选全明星阵容，人称“魔术师”鼻祖，“电影精华”鼻祖，“show time”鼻祖，对篮球稍有兴趣者均对其名如雷贯耳。然而，这般了不起的人物，却也是NBA的“铁神”鼻祖。库西职业生涯投篮命中率是惨不忍睹的37.5%，14年间竟然没有一个赛季的命中率能突破四成。刨去总共出场34分钟的1969-70赛季，库西命中率最低的一年只有35.2%。到了季后赛，库西的铁神本色更是展现得淋漓尽致，场均命中率低到34.2%，其中两个赛季甚至跌破30%。与之对应的是，库西的职业生涯场均得分是18.4分——放眼NBA60年，得分超过这个数的控球后卫非常稀有——则其在比赛中的得分效率之低，着实令人触目惊心。
有趣的是，以库西打铁功夫之深厚，竟然还有连他也忌惮的对手。1962年，当库西迈入自己在波士顿的最后一个赛季时，一个来自俄亥俄州大的瘦弱前锋，敲开了凯尔特人的训练营。约翰-哈弗利切克，有史以来最不知疲惫的体力男、最全能的前锋和最聪明的防守者之一，波士顿绿色王朝的功勋重臣，若干年后同样荣列名人堂和50大巨星，威望之隆，让后人望峰息心。但哈弗利切克早年射术之糟，一样超出了常人的想象范围。此人职业生涯生涯命中率43.9%，最低一年只有39.9%，对于一个以切入上篮为主、每场砍下20.8分的前锋来说，这样的数据比桑普拉斯发出时速100公里以下的球更加丢人。在目睹了哈弗利切克不可思议的投篮之后，铁神库西是这样说的：
“他实在是个太糟糕的射手了，总有一天会自己把自己累死。”
可惜的是，库西和哈弗利切克在打铁上的造诣，很快就被英勇的后辈们超过。其中最了不起的要数蒂姆-哈达威。当然，职业生涯场均命中率43.1%，季后赛场均命中率39.3%，这样的数字在强者如云的铁匠界里算不得什么，但可爱的蒂姆却做过一件让所有竞争者们面如土色的壮举。
1991年12月9日， 哈达威在对森林狼的比赛中大发神威，居然连续17次投篮全部打铁，这是联盟史上空前的纪录！那“铛铛”不绝的美妙声音，一举奠定了哈达威在铁神发展史上的一代宗师地位，至今让人心生崇敬，击节赞叹。和他相映成趣的，是当年达拉斯的乔治-麦克劳德，在1996年3月10日，这位无比坚毅的投手连续10次在三分线外朝猛龙队的篮筐硬度发起挑战，竟无一球“不慎”入网，精准度令地球上任何红外导弹无地自容。
这里也不能忘记沙奎尔-奥尼尔，大鲨鱼在投篮打铁上的成就远不能和前辈高人相比，但在罚球打铁上，实有旁人难以比拟的天赋。奥尼尔职业生涯罚球命中率52.4%，比投篮命中率低出近6个百分点，季后赛更是只有50.1%。迄今的17个赛季中，沙克有7个赛季罚球命中率不足五成，单场11罚0中的纪录更是让人目瞪口呆。
江山代有人才出，各领风骚几赛季。时代车轮行驶至今，铁神接班人更是全方位强爷胜祖，昂首挺胸地接过先烈的枪，为铁神事业坚定奋斗终身。且看现役十大铁神，任何一人拎出，都能羞煞库西，气坏蒂姆。
No.10 特雷西-麦克格雷迪
很有可能是史上最有天赋的摇摆人，同时也很有可能是史上最有天赋的铁匠。如此修长的身段，如此舒展的手臂，如此高的出手点，如此妙的抛物线，当这几样东西结合在一起时，打出的铁简直美不胜收。从2003年开始，麦迪的投篮命中率从来没有超出过43.1%，连罚球命中率也以惊人的速度滑落。更重要的是，麦迪拥有身为优秀铁匠最重要的特性：不抛弃，不放弃。他的座右铭是：永远不要为自己已经打了10块铁而沾沾自喜，因为第11块正在不远处等着你。
No.9 莱昂德罗-巴博萨
46.2%的投篮命中率，38.5%的三分球命中率，82.2%的罚球命中率，从数据上看，作为一个铁匠，他是不合格的。但我们看问题不能如此简单。巴西人对于打铁有着一种天生的嗅觉，就像他的同胞罗纳尔迪尼奥总能找到对方防线稍纵即逝的漏洞一样，巴博萨也总能发现打铁的最佳时机：当球队最害怕你打铁的时候。每当这种良机出现时，他总能神态潇洒地连续投丢三四个三分(甚至是在同一角度)，然后满不在乎地等待纳什的下一个传球。这让他的打出来的铁，总是比别人质地更纯，也更加致命。
No.8 查理-维兰纽瓦
易建联的师兄，也是易建联未来的打铁竞争中必须战胜的强力对手。此人菜鸟赛季曾一鸣惊人，入选最佳新秀阵容，谁知来到密尔沃基后每况愈下，出场时间节节走低。究其原因，还是因其过于痴迷打铁。6尺11寸的身高，连篮板、盖帽和防守怎么写都不知道，只要在距离篮筐一公里的范围内，必然出手，身为替补大前锋，每场三分球出手2次有余，命中率不足三成。视打铁声和嘘声如无物，定力之强，人所难及。
No.7 拉夫-阿尔斯通
铁神接班人中无人胆敢忽视的实力派悍将，职业生涯投篮命中率妙不可言，9个赛季中有7个赛季命中率不足40%，最低一年28.4%。本季命中率39.7%，居然排到生涯第三高，实在令人佩服得五体投地。休斯敦球迷又爱又恨的人物，由于疯狂打铁造成火箭坠地的案例无数，难以列举。凭心而论，让身为街球界皇帝级人物的Skip to my lou练这劳什子的投篮，似乎的确有点屈尊。
No.6 迈克尔-里德
现役铁神中射术最精的人之一，本不该在名单中占据一席之地。但当手感消失的时候，雄鹿老大就会撕下“我本是神射手，又不是打铁匠”的虚伪面具，摇身一变，成为对篮筐寿命最暴戾的验证者之一。由他和莫里斯-威廉姆斯、维兰纽瓦构成的三人组，或许是篮球诞生以来最可怕的打铁组合。他本赛季的投篮有40%是early offense，简直难以置信，但这就是事实。
No.5&No.4 科克-辛里奇&本-戈登
这两个人必须放在一起，不仅因为他们是公牛的队友，更重要的是，他们的打铁功力的确一时瑜亮，难分伯仲。作为出道时被认为是约翰-斯托克顿接班人的控卫，辛里奇如今却是联盟进步最慢球员的最有力争夺者之一。他组织进攻和调度节奏的能力像被万年玄冰封住了一样，永远没有变化。唯一显著增长的，是他对投篮的狂热和轻率。今年公牛队长的投篮命中率一度稳定在39%左右，当队友在场上无所适从的时候，他能做的，只是向篮筐举起愤怒的铁锤。
至于本-戈登，必须承认，他几乎从出道的第一天起，就被公认为极好的铁神苗子，而作重点培养。戈登对投篮的贪婪程度是年轻的科比-布莱恩特和阿伦-艾弗森级别的，当他投顺的时候，对于对手来说，他比本-拉登更加可怕。问题是，当他投不顺的时候，对于队友来说，他还是比本-拉登更加可怕。
No.3 夸梅-布朗
让一个本赛季场均投篮次数只有3.7次的二流苦力进入尊贵的铁神名单，似乎有点不合时宜。但是，只要你看过这位迈克尔-乔丹钦点的状元秀的比赛，你就会明白，里德、阿尔斯通和巴博萨之流，在布朗面前，就像黄晓明之于阿尔-帕西诺，连小学生的级别都算不上。投篮打铁，对布朗而言，是最等而下之的技巧，他最擅长的，是禁区内转身抹篮打铁、空位上篮打铁和扣篮打铁，普通人根本无法想象，像这种“连死人都投得进的球”，我们的夸梅是怎么把它变成一次高难度的打铁的呢？
No.2 拉里-休斯
真正的帝王级铁匠，注定要在历史上书写姓名的人物。其对空位投篮的打铁把握已然炉火纯青，突破上篮吃火锅的时机拿捏妙到颠毫。如果没有他，勒布朗-詹姆斯每场比赛至少要多赚5个助攻，打破奥斯卡-罗伯特森的三双纪录指日可待。年薪1200万美元，连续两个赛季的命中率低于40%，上演过6场比赛总共61投14中、命中率22.95%的不朽名篇，算上训练场篮筐的修补更换费用，拉里-休斯的性价比可谓震古烁今。
No.1 凯文-杜兰特
菜鸟赛季就稳坐NBA铁神第一把交椅，除去当年艾弗森外，杜兰特当仁不让。事实上，如今人们提到打铁，几乎便是在提杜兰特，提到杜兰特，又无人不会想到打铁。人铁合一，已然极矣。42.4%的命中率，28.7%的三分球命中率，却又偏偏稳获最佳新秀，天下虽大，舍杜兰特更有谁人？
Monday, April 21, 2008
'Age old Western racism towards Chinese people lives on
Age-old Western Racism Towards Chinese People Lives On:
When we were seen as "Sick Men from East Asia", we were called The Peril.
When we strived to get stronger, we are called The Treat.
When we closed our doors to the world, you forced them open with drugs and guns.
When we finally embraced Free Trade, you blame us for taking away your jobs.
When we were falling apart, you marched in your troops and robbed us blind.
When we put the broken pieces back together again, "Free Tibet" you screamed, it was in invasion!
So, we tried Communism, you hated us for being Communists.
Then we learned from Capitalism, you haated us for being Capitalists.
When we were poor, you think we are dogs.
When we loan you cash, you blame us for your debts.
When we build our industries you blame us for blobal warming.
When we sell you goods you can afford, you blame us for dumping inferior products.
When we buy oil, you called that exploitation and assisting genocide.
Wen you fight for oil, you called that liberation of its People.
When we were lost in chaos and rampage, you wanted Rules of Law for us.
When we upload our law and order against violence, you called that Violating Human Rights.
"Why do you hate us so much?" We asked.
"No" You answsered, "We don't hate you."
Truth is were really don't hate you either, but do you understand us?
"Of course we do" You said, "We have BBC, CNN and AFPs."
When we were seen as "Sick Men from East Asia", we were called The Peril.
When we strived to get stronger, we are called The Treat.
When we closed our doors to the world, you forced them open with drugs and guns.
When we finally embraced Free Trade, you blame us for taking away your jobs.
When we were falling apart, you marched in your troops and robbed us blind.
When we put the broken pieces back together again, "Free Tibet" you screamed, it was in invasion!
So, we tried Communism, you hated us for being Communists.
Then we learned from Capitalism, you haated us for being Capitalists.
When we were poor, you think we are dogs.
When we loan you cash, you blame us for your debts.
When we build our industries you blame us for blobal warming.
When we sell you goods you can afford, you blame us for dumping inferior products.
When we buy oil, you called that exploitation and assisting genocide.
Wen you fight for oil, you called that liberation of its People.
When we were lost in chaos and rampage, you wanted Rules of Law for us.
When we upload our law and order against violence, you called that Violating Human Rights.
"Why do you hate us so much?" We asked.
"No" You answsered, "We don't hate you."
Truth is were really don't hate you either, but do you understand us?
"Of course we do" You said, "We have BBC, CNN and AFPs."
Monday, April 14, 2008
于魁智《风雨忆同舟》
今晚看周恩来诞辰110周年晚会，听到于魁智的京剧，很好听，名字是风雨忆同舟.
心胸似海
深情在手，
肝胆相对照双眸。
忠言九鼎，
清风两袖，
走遍天下是朋友。
干戈可收，
玉帛长留，
柔情铁骨自心头。
襟怀一片，
清茶两盏，
有血有泪话风流。
潇洒走天下，
谈笑泯恩仇，
安危谁与共，
风雨忆同舟。
心胸似海
深情在手，
肝胆相对照双眸。
忠言九鼎，
清风两袖，
走遍天下是朋友。
干戈可收，
玉帛长留，
柔情铁骨自心头。
襟怀一片，
清茶两盏，
有血有泪话风流。
潇洒走天下，
谈笑泯恩仇，
安危谁与共，
风雨忆同舟。
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